{"id":5515,"date":"2022-07-21T19:48:22","date_gmt":"2022-07-21T19:48:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/?p=5515"},"modified":"2023-11-27T22:08:32","modified_gmt":"2023-11-27T22:08:32","slug":"moses-lovern","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/biographies\/moses-lovern\/","title":{"rendered":"Lovern, Moses"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color wp-block-paragraph\">There is no extant information about Lovern to date.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color wp-block-paragraph\">In early September 1905, Moses Lovern of Williamson, West Virginia was arrested for assaulting James Butcher, a well-off businessman. Convicted of the crime, he began serving a 60 day sentence later in the month. On September 24th, in the middle of the night a group calling themselves the \u201cWhite Ribboners\u201d broke into the jail and kidnapped Lovern and his white cellmate Thomas Blackburn. The usual guard for the jail had taken a day off and the mob of around 20 men took full advantage of this situation. The White Ribboners broke into the jail, found Lovern and Blackburn\u2019s cell, and threatened the two with a Winchester rifle. After they were bound and gagged, Lovern and Blackburn were thrown into a boat and rowed outside of West Virginia and into Pike County, Kentucky. After arriving in a secluded location, the mob grabbed Lovern, stripped him naked, and tied him to a tree. The mob then whipped and stoned Lovern to death. Blackburn went unharmed. The White Ribboners then rowed the men back to the Williamson jail where they hauled both Lovern and Blackburn back into the cell. Lovern\u2019s body was not found until the next morning when the morning guard returned to the jail. Blackburn told police that he recognized eight of the men that had kidnapped him and Lovern the night before. Though a few newspapers warned that warrants were pending, none of the mob members were arrested or tried in court.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<h3>Location of the Lynching<\/h3><iframe srcdoc=\"    &lt;html&gt;\n    &lt;head&gt;\n        &lt;meta charset=&quot;utf-8&quot;&gt;\n        &lt;meta name=&quot;viewport&quot; content=&quot;initial-scale=1,maximum-scale=1,user-scalable=no&quot;&gt;\n        &lt;title&gt;Map&lt;\/title&gt;\n        &lt;style&gt;\n            html,\n            body,\n            #viewDiv {\n                padding: 0;\n                margin: 0;\n                height: 100%;\n                width: 100%;\n            }\n            #map-container {\n                width: 100%;\n                height: 100%;\n                border: none;\n            }\n        &lt;\/style&gt;\n        &lt;!-- Important: Here is most likely a bug in another system.\n        Maybe it is a kind of security system.\n        The script tag below is getting replaced by a script tag with src=&quot;about:blank&quot;\n        and data-opt-src=&quot;https:\/\/js.arcgis.com\/4.28\/&quot;. This prevents the script from being executed.\n        This seems like a reasonable security measure.\n        \n        Here comes the bug: Under some circumstances, the script tag is not replaced.\n        For example this comment here prevents the script tag from being replaced.\n        I had not enough time to figure out the exact circumstances.\n        \n        This might be a bug in the security system of the theme or wordpress or cPanel.\n        Unfortunately, I don&#039;t know.\n        The behavour is consistent across different browsers.\n        \n        So, DO NOT REMOVE THIS COMMENT!\n        This would make the script not load...--&gt;\n        &lt;script src=&quot;https:\/\/js.arcgis.com\/4.28\/&quot;&gt;&lt;\/script&gt;\n        &lt;link rel=&quot;stylesheet&quot; href=&quot;https:\/\/js.arcgis.com\/4.28\/esri\/themes\/light\/main.css&quot;&gt;\n    &lt;\/head&gt;\n    &lt;body&gt;\n    &lt;div id=&quot;map-container&quot;&gt;\n        &lt;div id=&quot;viewDiv&quot;&gt;&lt;\/div&gt;\n        &lt;script&gt;\n\n        let COUNTY_NAME = &quot;Pike&quot;;\n        let DISPLAY_NAME = &quot;Moses Lovern&quot;;\n\n        require([\n            &quot;esri\/config&quot;,\n            &quot;esri\/views\/MapView&quot;,\n            &quot;esri\/WebMap&quot;,\n        ], function (esriConfig, MapView, WebMap) {\n            \/\/ This api key gets publicly exposed and is therfore set on ArcGIS developer dashboard (https:\/\/developers.arcgis.com\/dashboard\/)\n            \/\/ to only allow access from the domain drvk.createuky.net\/*\n            \/\/ the api key is assotiated with my university arcigs account (jorin.eggers@uky.edu)\n            esriConfig.apiKey =\n                &quot;AAPK6cdb85ace54f4cc29fbf70cc4be1ee32iBpwkG93Jq6PzkXztJKUGgCwTSYfLYwWV-g7Eqdw5I488cyRg3K-AjQeR14V4Rmb&quot;;\n\n            \/\/ This map is shared with the group &quot;drvk&quot; on ArcGIS online\n            \/\/ Link to the map: https:\/\/uky-edu.maps.arcgis.com\/home\/item.html?id=0e794250a5b4490dbd9b012796d2c6c9\n            \/\/ The name of the map is &quot;drvkfinalmap dynamic js base map&quot;\n            let webmap = new WebMap({\n                portalItem: {\n                    id: &quot;0e794250a5b4490dbd9b012796d2c6c9&quot;\n                }\n            });\n\n            let view = new MapView({\n                container: &quot;viewDiv&quot;,\n                map: webmap,  \n                zoom: 7,  \/\/ Sets zoom level based on level of detail (LOD)\n            });\n\n            view.when(function () {\n                const countyLayer = webmap.layers.find(function (layer) {\n                    \/\/ note that the name of the layer is &quot;Kentucky Counties &quot; with a space at the end\n                    return layer.title === &quot;Kentucky Counties &quot;;\n                });\n\n                const centroidLayer = webmap.layers.find(function (layer) {\n                    return layer.title === &quot;centroids&quot;;\n                });\n                \n                \/\/ filter for only the specific county given as parameter\n                const countyFilter = {\n                    type: &quot;FeatureFilter&quot;,\n                    where: &quot;County_all = &#039;&quot; + COUNTY_NAME + &quot;&#039;&quot;\n                }\n                \n                \/\/ apply drop shadow effect to this specific county and blur effect to all other counties\n                \/\/ different drop shadow effects are applied based on the zoom level\n                countyLayer.featureEffect = {\n                    type: &quot;FeatureEffect&quot;,\n                    filter: countyFilter,\n                    includedEffect: [\n                        {\n                            scale: 36978595,\n                            value: &quot;drop-shadow(18px, 18px, 24px)&quot;\n                        },\n                        {\n                            scale: 18489297,\n                            value: &quot;drop-shadow(12px, 12px, 18px)&quot;\n                        },\n                        {\n                            scale: 4622324,\n                            value: &quot;drop-shadow(6px, 6px, 12px)&quot;\n                        }\n                    ],\n                    excludedEffect: &quot;blur(3px) brightness(90%)&quot;\n                }\n\n                \/\/ display the label of the county and the name of the victim\n                const countyLabel = {\n                    type: &quot;LabelClass&quot;,\n                    labelExpressionInfo: { expression: &quot;$feature.NAME + &#039;: &quot; + DISPLAY_NAME + &quot;&#039;&quot; },\n                    symbol: {\n                        type: &quot;text&quot;, \n                        color: &quot;black&quot;,\n                        haloSize: 1.5,\n                        haloColor: &quot;white&quot;,\n                        yoffset: 12,\n                        font: {\n                            size: 12,\n                        }\n                    }\n                }\n                countyLayer.labelingInfo = [countyLabel];\n\n                \/\/ centroids (small red points in the center of each county) for all counties except the specific county get hidden\n                centroidLayer.visible = true;\n                centroidLayer.featureEffect = {\n                    type: &quot;FeatureEffect&quot;,\n                    filter: countyFilter,\n                    excludedEffect: &quot;opacity(0)&quot;\n                }\n\n                webmap.add(countyLayer);\n                webmap.add(centroidLayer);\n                view.goTo(countyLayer);\n            });\n        });\n\n        &lt;\/script&gt;\n    &lt;\/div&gt;\n    &lt;\/body&gt;\n    &lt;\/html&gt;\n    \" style=\"width: 100%; height: 360px; border: none;\"><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mlj4e7pkz1qt.i.optimole.com\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Moses_Lovern.png\"><img data-opt-id=1045300432  fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"724\" src=\"https:\/\/mlj4e7pkz1qt.i.optimole.com\/w:1024\/h:724\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Moses_Lovern.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7258\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mlj4e7pkz1qt.i.optimole.com\/w:1024\/h:724\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Moses_Lovern.png 1024w, https:\/\/mlj4e7pkz1qt.i.optimole.com\/w:300\/h:212\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Moses_Lovern.png 300w, https:\/\/mlj4e7pkz1qt.i.optimole.com\/w:768\/h:543\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Moses_Lovern.png 768w, https:\/\/mlj4e7pkz1qt.i.optimole.com\/w:1527\/h:1080\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Moses_Lovern.png 1536w, https:\/\/mlj4e7pkz1qt.i.optimole.com\/w:1527\/h:1080\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Moses_Lovern.png 2048w, https:\/\/mlj4e7pkz1qt.i.optimole.com\/w:1200\/h:848\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Moses_Lovern.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Multiple locations related to the lynching of Moses Lovern.  Map created and developed by Hayden Hancock (2023).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There is no extant information about Lovern to date. In early September 1905, Moses Lovern of Williamson, West Virginia was arrested for assaulting James Butcher, a well-off businessman. Convicted of the crime, he began serving a 60 day sentence later in the month. On September 24th, in the middle of the night a group calling [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":5342,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","pgc_sgb_lightbox_settings":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[12,4],"tags":[356,9,277,274,271],"class_list":["post-5515","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-1900-1910","category-biographies","tag-1901-1910-2","tag-9","tag-lovern","tag-pike","tag-smith"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/mlj4e7pkz1qt.i.optimole.com\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Bio-Feature-Image_1901-1910-1.png",1920,1280,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/mlj4e7pkz1qt.i.optimole.com\/w:300\/h:300\/q:mauto\/rt:fill\/g:ce\/f:best\/https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Bio-Feature-Image_1901-1910-1.png",300,300,true],"medium":["https:\/\/mlj4e7pkz1qt.i.optimole.com\/w:300\/h:200\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Bio-Feature-Image_1901-1910-1.png",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/mlj4e7pkz1qt.i.optimole.com\/w:768\/h:512\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Bio-Feature-Image_1901-1910-1.png",640,427,true],"large":["https:\/\/mlj4e7pkz1qt.i.optimole.com\/w:1024\/h:683\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Bio-Feature-Image_1901-1910-1.png",640,427,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/mlj4e7pkz1qt.i.optimole.com\/w:1536\/h:1024\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Bio-Feature-Image_1901-1910-1.png",1536,1024,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/mlj4e7pkz1qt.i.optimole.com\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Bio-Feature-Image_1901-1910-1.png",1920,1280,false],"education-x-440-320":["https:\/\/mlj4e7pkz1qt.i.optimole.com\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Bio-Feature-Image_1901-1910-1.png",440,293,false],"sow-carousel-default":["https:\/\/mlj4e7pkz1qt.i.optimole.com\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Bio-Feature-Image_1901-1910-1.png",272,182,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Cameron Smith","author_link":"https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/author\/csmith\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"There is no extant information about Lovern to date. In early September 1905, Moses Lovern of Williamson, West Virginia was arrested for assaulting James Butcher, a well-off businessman. Convicted of the crime, he began serving a 60 day sentence later in the month. On September 24th, in the middle of the night a group calling&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5515","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5515"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5515\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8815,"href":"https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5515\/revisions\/8815"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5342"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5515"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5515"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drvk.createuky.net\/clone\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5515"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}